Electro-Motive Force Mixer (2002): When people first started dabbling with electricity, they thought a mechanical force 

was responsible for the observed electrical phenomena. They called this force "electro-motive force", and based their

explanation of electricity on observed mechanical phenomena. 

The idea for this sculpture sprang from that old belief, converting electricity generated from microphones into mechanical force. 

The mechanical force is transfered through the drive trains, acting like a mixing board with a phase problem.  

The resulting mechanical movement is then transduced back into electricity and amplified through speakers.